Bahaya penyakit Diphteria

Apakah Itu Kuman Diphteria .

Bismillahirahmanirahim , Pagi tadi apabila buka surat khabar saya dikejutkan dengan laporan dari jabatan kesihatan negeri melaka bahawa 40 kes telah direkodkan , ianya adalah sesuatu yang amat mengecewakan saya terutama juga bagi ibu bapa yang mempunyai anak anak kecil , tahniah dan bagi golongan yang anti vaksin anda pasti rasa gembira dengan kehadiran penyakit yang sekian lama tidak muncul kini kembali muncul mengancam kehidupan masyarakat yang lain , sudahlah penyakit TB semakin menular disebabkan kebanjiran pendatang asing kini Golongan anti vaksin ini pula merupakan agen kepada menularan wabak ini. Tak hairan jika kejahilan golongan anti vaksin ini terus berlaku maka penyakit Polio pun boleh muncul kembali di negara kita ini.

Apakah itu Kuman Diphtheria ?

Untuk pengetahuan umum Diphtheria adalah  merupakan suatu penyakit bakteria akut yang dihasilkan oleh  bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae yang terutama akan menyerang bahagian tonsil, faring, laring, hidung dan  juga  menyerang selaput lendir dan bahagian kulit ,bahkan ada kes ianya menyerang konjungtiva atau vagina. Jika berlaku serangan jangkitan suatu membrane asimetrik yang berwarna keputih putihan yang mengelilingi kawasan inflamasi terhasil . selalunya bahagian tekan akan terasa sakit diikuti dengan kelenjar limfa yang membesar . Pada kes yang berat dan serius simptom ini didatangi dengan pembengkakan dan oedema di bahagian leher dengan pembentukan membrane tebal pada trachea kesan buruknya akan terjadi penyumbatan saluran pernafasan.

Difteri pada hidung biasanya didatangi dengan gejala ringan dan kronik dengan salah satu rongga hidung tersumbat dan terjadi ketebalan kulit. Toksin yang terhasil dari kuman ini juga dapat menyebabkan myocarditis dengan mengakibatkan heart block dan kegagalan jantung kongestif yang progresif,akan mula timbul dalam satu minggu . Gejala lain adalah  masalah saraf  yang mirip dengan Guillain Barre Syndrome. Tingkat kematiannya adalah 5-10%. 

Sejarah Penyakit Difteria

Penyakit Difteria  adalah penyebab utama kematian di kalangan kanak-kanak. Amerika Syarikat mencatatkan yang mencatatkan jumlah  206,000 kes  pada tahun 1921 dan 15,520 kematian. Sebelum ada rawatan untuk difteria, sehingga separuh daripada orang-orang yang mendapat penyakit itu meninggal dunia daripadanya.

Bermula pada tahun 1920, kadar difteria menurun dengan cepat di Amerika Syarikat dan negara-negara lain dengan penggunaan meluas vaksin. Dalam dekad yang lalu, terdapat kurang daripada lima kes difteria di Amerika Syarikat dilaporkan kepada CDC. Walau bagaimanapun, penyakit ini terus menyebabkan penyakit di peringkat global. Pada tahun 2014, 7321 kes difteria telah dilaporkan kepada Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia.

Cara Penyebaran penyakit ini berlaku?

Difteria boleh disebarkan (dihantar) dari seorang ke seorang dengan mudah dan tanpa disedari ,selalunya jangkitan biasanya melalui titisan pernafasan, seperti dari batuk atau bersin.Tetapi kajian menunjukkan Jarang, orang boleh jatuh sakit dari menyentuh luka terbuka (luka-luka kulit) atau pakaian yang menyentuh kudis terbuka seseorang sakit dengan difteria. Untuk pengetahuan umum Seseorang juga boleh mendapatkan difteria dengan datang dalam hubungan dengan objek, seperti mainan, yang mempunyai bakteria yang menyebabkan difteria di atasnya.ini kerap berlaku kepada anak anak kecil dan juga contact yang dekat antara satu individu dengan individu yang lain.

Penularan wabak ini boleh terjadi dengan cepat disebabkan kuman ini menular dari udara atau airbone spread.

Simptom yang terjadi

BENGKAK SALURAN PERNAFASAN DAN LEHER.

ULSER ATAU LUKA JANGKITAN DIFTERIA

KETEBALAN TISU MATI DI BELAKANG TEKAK

KESUKARAN BERNAFAS DAN MENELAN

TISU BERWARNA PUTIH MUNCUL

Apabila bakteria yang menyebabkan difteria ini masuk ke dalam dan melekat pada lapisan sistem pernafasan, Kuman ini akan menghasilkan racun (toksin) yang boleh menyebabkan:

• kelemahan anggota tubuh badan
• Sakit tekak
• Demam
• bengkak kelenjar di leher

Apa yang menyebabkan kuman ini merbahaya ,racun yang dihasilkan akan mula memusnahkan tisu sihat dalam sistem pernafasan. Dalam masa dua atau tiga hari, tisu yang mati membentuk  lapisan kulit tebal, lapisan kelabu yang boleh terkumpul di dalam tekak atau hidung. lapisan kelabu tebal ini dipanggil "pseudomembrane." Ia boleh meliputi tisu dalam hidung, tonsil, kotak suara, dan tekak, dan menjadikan ia amat sukar untuk bernafas dan menelan bagi individu yang dijangkiti.

Racun juga boleh masuk ke dalam aliran darah dan menyebabkan kerosakan kepada jantung, buah pinggang, dan saraf dan membawa kepada kematian.

Komplikasi Difteria

Komplikasi daripada difteria boleh termasuk:

• Menyekat saluran pernafasan
• Kerosakan kepada otot jantung (myocarditis)
• Kerosakan saraf (polyneuropathy)
• Hilang keupayaan untuk bergerak (lumpuh)
• Jangkitan paru-paru (kegagalan pernafasan atau radang paru-paru)

Bagi sesetengah orang, difteria boleh membawa kepada kematian. Walaupun dengan rawatan, kira-kira 1 daripada 10 pesakit difteria mati. Tanpa rawatan, sebanyak 1 daripada 2 pesakit boleh mati akibat penyakit ini.

Diagnosis Dan Rawatan Difteria

Doktor selalunya membuat keputusan jika seseorang mempunyai jangkitan difteria dengan melihat tanda-tanda dan gejala-gejala yang sama. Mereka akan menggunakan swab atau mengambil sedikit calitan sample dari belakang tekak dan menguji untuk  memastikan bakteria yang menyebabkan penyakit ini adalah difteria. Seorang doktor juga boleh mengambil sampel daripada luka kulit  dan cuba dan mengembangkan bakteria untuk memastikan pesakit mempunyai  janGkitan difteria.

Untuk pengetahuan umum Adalah amat penting untuk memulakan rawatan dengan segera jika doktor mengesyaki difteria dan tidak perlu menunggu pengesahan makmal. Oleh itu jangan menjadi Dr sendiri dan cuba merawati penyakit ini .

Untuk rawatan Difteria hari ini ianya melibatkan:

Menggunakan difteria antitoksin untuk menghentikan racun (toksin) yang dihasilkan oleh bakteria daripada merosakkan badan

Menggunakan ubat-ubatan (dipanggil antibiotik) untuk membunuh dan menyingkirkan bakteria

Walaupun dengan rawatan, kira-kira 1 daripada 10 orang yang mendapat difteria akan boleh mengakibatkan kematian jika lambat mendapatkan rawatan

Bagi pesakit difteria biasanya akan dikuarantinkan, sehingga mereka di sahkan oleh Dr ia tidak lagi berjangkit - ini biasanya mengambil masa kira-kira 48 jam selepas memulakan antibiotik. Setelah pesakit selesai mengambil antibiotik, doktor akan menjalankan ujian untuk memastikan bakteria tidak berada dalam badan pesakit lagi.

Apakah Yang Perlu kita lakukan bersama mencegah penyakit ini.

Cara terbaik untuk mencegah Difteria adalah untuk mendapatkan vaksin. Terdapat empat vaksin digunakan untuk mencegah difteria: DTaP, Tdap, DT, dan Td. Setiap satu daripada vaksin ini menghalang difteria dan tetanus; DTaP dan Tdap juga membantu mencegah pertussis (batuk kokol). DTaP dan DT diberi kepada kanak-kanak yang berumur kurang daripada tujuh tahun, manakala Tdap dan Td diberi kepada kanak-kanak yang lebih tua, remaja, dan orang dewasa. 

Bayi dan Kanak-kanak

Jadual imunisasi kanak-kanak semasa  untuk difteria termasuk lima dos DTaP untuk kanak-kanak yang berumur kurang daripada tujuh tahun.

Preteens dan Remaja

Jadual imunisasi remaja mencadangkan bahawa preteens mendapatkan dos booster Tdap di berumur 11 atau 12 tahun. Remaja yang tidak mendapat Tdap apabila mereka berusia 11 atau 12 tahun perlu mendapatkan dos yang apabila mereka berjumpa dengan doktor mereka

Dewasa

Orang dewasa perlu mendapatkan dos Td setiap 10 tahun mengikut jadual imunisasi dewasa. Untuk perlindungan tambahan terhadap batuk kokol, mana-mana orang dewasa yang tidak pernah menerima dos Tdap perlu mendapatkan satu dengan seberapa segera yang mungkin.

Apabila sesuatu penularan penyakit ini berlaku , maka kita hendaklah memainkan peranan yang penting dalam memberikan kesedaran kepada masyarakat , Bagi golongan anti Vaksin hentikan kejahilan anda dengan merujuk pekara ini kepada mereka yang pakar bukan dengan membuat andaian sendiri dan juga menjadi DR GOO___LE, Kalau anda hendak meneruskan kejahilan anda ,jangan campurkan anak anak anda dengan anak anak kami kerana kejahilan anda menyusahkan semua orang dan juga menimbulkan ketakutan dikalangan masyarakat. wallahuaklam.

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Above Knee Amputee Exercise at home

Knee Amputation Exercise

Bismillahirahmanirahim, for my sharing this afternoon is more on understanding what is the suitable exercise that can be done after amputation operation.It is important that you take an active role in your rehabilitation. The following exercises must be done every day to prevent any complications. After an above the knee amputation, it is important to prevent the hip from staying in a bent or flexed position. To prevent this from happening you need to do the following:

• Frequently change the position of your hip. Do not sit in a chair for long periods. 
• Lie on your stomach for 20 minutes, 2 or 3 times a day. Do not place a pillow under your stomach.
• Do not put your amputated leg on a pillow when lying down, unless otherwise told to do so. Do not place a pillow under your hips, knees or between your thighs.

• Do not hang your stump over the side of the bed.

What is the suitable exercise to do and make sure Do only these exercises checked by your therapist. Do each exercise 3 times a day.

Stretching exercises:

Do not bounce back and forth when doing stretching exercises.

• Hamstring Stretch: 

Lie on your back. Bring your non-amputated limb toward your chest. Put your arm around your thigh and pull even closer. Hold for 20 seconds. Bring your non-amputated knee toward your chest. Straighten your leg until you feel a stretch in the back of your thigh.  

• Hip Flexor Stretch

Lie on your back. Bring your non-amputated leg up to your chest and hold it with your arms. Have someone push your amputated limb down to the bed and hold it for a count of 20. Relax and repeat. When your leg can easily lie on the bed, scoot to the side and dangle your amputated limb over the side of the bed. Repeat the above exercise.

• Alternative Stretch

Lie on your stomach. Place a rolled towel under your amputated limb. Lie in this position for 20 minutes. As you stretch the hip flexor muscle, you may increase the size of the towel roll.  

• Adductor Stretch 

Sit with your back against a wall or against the head of your bed. Put your amputated limb out to the side and bend the other leg slightly. Push on the thigh so you feel a stretch in your inner thigh. Make sure that both buttocks remain on the floor. Do not lift one up in the air.

Strengthening exercises 

• Hip Extension 

Lie on your stomach. Lift your amputated limb up behind you towards the ceiling. Hold and then return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times.

• Hip Extension on Side

Lie on your side. Push your amputated leg straight back behind you. Hold and then return to the starting position. Repeat  10 times. 

• Hip Extension on Back 

Lie on your back. Place a rolled towel under the end of your amputated limb. Push down into the towel, and lift your hips off the floor. Repeat 10 times. 

•  Hip Abduction 

Lie on your back. Fasten a belt or theraband around your thighs as low as it is comfortable. Try to pull your legs apart by pushing outward against the belt or theraband. Push for a count of 5. Relax. Repeat 10 times.

• Hip Abduction on Side 

Lie on your side and lift your top leg toward the ceiling. Keep your knee pointed forward. Return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times. Repeat this exercise with the other leg on top. 

• Hip Adduction

Lie on your back. Place a rolled towel or pillow between your legs as low as is comfortable. Squeeze the towel between your legs for a count of 5. Relax. Repeat 10 times.

• Alternative Hip Adduction Exercise  

Lie on your side. Bring your top leg forward and let your foot rest on the floor in front of you. Lift your bottom leg toward the ceiling. Return to the starting position. Repeat 10 times.

• Pelvic Tilt

 Lie on your back. Bend your knee so the foot of your non-amputated leg is resting flat on the floor. Place your hands in the small of your back. Push your low back into your hands. Hold for a count of 5. Relax. Repeat 10 times.

• Partial Sit-up

 Lie on your back. Bend your hips so the foot of your non-amputated leg is resting flat on the floor. Rest your hands on your thighs. Slowly curl up until your head and shoulder blades are off the floor. Look up to the ceiling as you do this exercise. Repeat 10 times.

This exercise is more guideline and also give you some idea to do on that , the exercise is important to make sure the operation leg will get back their strength and also to improve in their mobility.

wallahuaklam.

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Best way to Shrink Stomach After Childbirth

Tips To shrink stomach after childbirth.

Bismillahirahmanirahim ,At the time of pregnancy, the mother's body will change as the growth of the fetus in the mother's abdomen. Mother's body will accommodate the growth of the baby and the baby's needs. The more babies grow mothers during pregnancy, mothers abdominal muscles will be stretched to make room growth of the baby and birth preparations.

After giving birth takes time to restore its original shape of the stomach, so that faster then we need a way to shrink the stomach after giving birth. In these efforts, the necessary exercise and dietary

How to Shrink Stomach after Delivery by Exercising ?

To  start the exercise, must first convince the mother to the doctor, if it is allowed to exercise and what exercise may be performed after delivery ?

But there are some simple exercises that can be started two days after giving birth. The first to do is breathe in the breath or arrangement. The setting of breath, by taking a deep breath can train muscle strength and skin mother. 

• Train breathing by taking a deep breath through your nose, feel the mother's chest and abdomen expand and exhale slowly through the mouth and stomach deflate felt until optimal. Practice this simple exercise five times.
•  Give milk to children's mother, exclusive breastfeeding. Breastfeeding burns calories and release the hormone oxytocin that causes uterine contractions. This causes uterine contractions and helps shrink the uterus and stomach mother back to its original size.

•  Standing upright and hold your abdominal muscles. Hold this position and did while breathing. Position- aims to contract the abdominal muscles so that your abdominal muscles tight back. Do this several times a day. 

• Exercises can be done while sitting or lying down at the time. If, after consultation with the doctor and the mother can start to exercise, then start pelvic exercises such as calisthenics kaegel with the purpose tighten the pelvic muscles.

When you are able to exercise freely then do aerobics. Aerobic exercise can help burn excess calories from fat, overall including belly fat and good for the heart

How to Shrink Stomach after Childbirth by Adjusting Diet ?

• Adjusting your diet is not less important. 

Be careful not to diet too quickly. Wait until at least 3 months or 6 months after delivery. Moreover, when mothers exclusively breastfed baby mother. Mother should provide enough nutrition for babies mother. When the mother of a diet too quickly, it can also interfere with the recovery period after childbirth

• Avoid excessive calories. 

As the food was excessive sugar, simple carbohydrates, and fats are unhealthy, these things lead to weight gain. Although these foods are a favorite food mothers like ice cream, soda, pastries, and assorted dessert can cause hoard fat in the abdomen. Therefore, to support efforts to shrink the stomach after giving birth, then multiply eat vegetables and fruits with the aim of increasing consumption of fiber

• Pay attention to portion size. 

After pregnancy, try eating smaller portions, it will help you lose weight. After delivery the mother no longer eating for two people, not like at the time of pregnancy. Always have breakfast in the morning, breakfast in the morning will begin the process of metabolism is more active mothers and preventing mother to hunger and overeating throughout the day. Drink more water, it helps the mother to prevent dehydration and to help recovery

So that is the simple tips that i can share  on how to shrink the stomach mothers after childbirth. May be useful for all mothers Wallahuaklam.

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Posisi yang menyebabkan sakit belakang

Posisi yang mendatangkan kecederaan pada bahagian belakang 

Bismillahiramanirahim, salam ramadhan al kareem semoga kehidupan para pembaca dirahmati Allah dan diberkati olehnya. Pada malam ini saja saya nak kongsikan serba sedikit tentang tips tips mengelakkan kecederaan pada bahagian belakang.
Tahukah kita antara sedar dan tidak sedar banyak pergerakan yang boleh mendatangkan bahaya kepada bahagian belakang kita, secara tidak langsung ianya mengundang kecederaan yang serius dan juga tidak serius pada bahagian belakang kita.

Disini saya ingin kongsikan tentang apakah pergerakan yang paling cepat mendatangkan risiko kecederaan pada bahagian belakang kita

1. Pergerakan memusingkan badan.

Setiap bahagian belakang kita terdiri daripada beberapa jenis tulang belakang dan juga dibantu dengan otot, ligamen dan juga sendi,  pergerakan ini saya letakkan di rangking pertama kerana majoriti pesakit tidak mengetahui keburukan posisi ini, waktu bila posisi ini kita lakukan selalunya waktu kita duduk dan cuba mengambil barang dibahagian belakang kita, pada kedudukan begini bahagian tulang belakang akan memusing dan juga merenggang bagi mencapai pergerakan yang dilakukan tetapi keadaan ini mengakibatkan ligamen yang menyokong menjadi terlalu tegang dan juga posisi cakera rawan menjadi tidak setabil, anda bayangkan jika anda batuk atau terbesin dalam posisi begini tidak mustahil ligamen yang menyokong tulang belakang anda akan cedera serta berkemungkinan cakera rawan akan tergelincir, dan individu tersebut boleh mendapat sakit belakang yang agak teruk.

2. Posisi duduk slumpting.

Pada kedudukan begini saya letakkan di posisi rangking yang kedua,  saya melihat posisi ini amat berisiko kepada individu itu mendapat kecederaan pada bahagian belakang kerana posisi ini akan menyebabkan bahagian belakang individu itu menjadi stress dan juga hilang keseimbangan dari segi kekuatan dan fleksibiliti, posisi ini biasa dilihat ketika individu itu duduk di sofa atau kerusi dengan bahagian belakang badan tidak disokong oleh apa apa bahagian, ini akan mengakibatkan bahagian itu terdedah untuk cedera.

3. Posisi duduk bersila

Mungkin pembaca tidak sedarkan bahawa posisi ini juga mampu mengundang masalah sakit belakang, tetapi tidak lah berisiko tinggi untuk kita mendapat kecederaan melainkan kita duduk bersila bagi satu jangka masa yang panjang dan lama, terutama di majlis keramaian kita lihat ramai individu menghadapi kepenatan dan kesukaran untuk bangun apabila sudah duduk bersila terlalu  lama, ada waktunya juga bahagian belakang akan mula rasa lenguh dan diikuti dengan rasa kebas pada bahagian kaki.

4.posisi duduk bersimpuh.

Saya akui orang Melayu amat gemar duduk bersimpuh terutamanya kepada kaum wanita, tetapi tahukah anda posisi ini juga merupakan posisi yang boleh mengakibatkan bahagian belakang menjadi sakit dan juga lenguh, apa yang dikhuatiri ianya juga boleh menyumbang kepada keadaan tulang belakang menjadi bengkok atau Dikenali sebagai scoliosis, pada posisi ini kedudukan centre of graviti menjadi tidak seimbang hanya bahagian yang diletakkan beban badan akan bekerja lebih dan ini akan mengakibatkan bahagian tulang belakang dan ligament terpaksa bekerja keras bagi menahan beban badan dari atas belakang kita, posisi ini umpama kita bayangkan pancing yang menjadi bengkok apabila menahan beban yang berat dibahagian hadapan.

5.posisi membongkok

Saya rasakan posisi ini merupakan kegemaran kepada semua individu dan boleh dikatakan posisi paling kerap menyumbang kepada masalah sakit belakang, ini kerana posisi bongkok kerap digunakan apabila individu tersebut mengambil, mengangkat, dan juga membawa beban boleh dikatakan posisi yang paling banyak digunakan, posisi ini boleh mendatangkan kecederaan, ini kerana apa bila kita membongkok kestabilan pada bahagian tulang belakang akan menjadi lemah dan ligament serta cakera belakang terpaksa bekerja keras bagi menampung beban dari bahagian atas badan kita, sebab itu jika kita membongkok terlalu lama seperti menyapu sampah, perasaan lenguh pada belakang akan muncul, ini menandakan bahawa bahagian otot belakang anda bekerja lebih dari sepatutnya, dan jika waktu itu belaku apa apa impact yang kuat seperti kita mengangkat beban yang terlalu berat,maka 97% kita sudah melangkah ke arah mendapat kecederaan bahagian belakang

Oleh itu amat penting bagi kita bahawa kesakitan pada bahagian belakang juga boleh berlaku tanpa kita sedar, kerana secara tidak langsung ianya datang disebabkan posisi posisi yang saya nyatakan seperti di atas, apa yang saya harapkan dengan penjelasan ini ianya memberikan sedikit kesedaran bahawa sakit belakang boleh dicegah jika kita memahami bagaimana punca ianya boleh terjadi dan juga kesedaran tentang ergonomik yang betul dan postur badan yang baik amat bagus dalam mengatasi dan juga mencegah individu tersebut mendapat kecederaan tulang belakang ini. Wallahuaklam..

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Masalah batuk pada Anak kecil

Cara Atasi Batuk pada anak Kecil

Bismillahirahmanirahim , Salam Ramadhan Al Kareem , untuk perkongsian ilmiah hari ini , saya ingin kongsikan tentang apakah langkah pencegahan dan juga tips tips yang ringkas dalam mengatasi masalah batuk kepada anak anak yang masih kecil ini, saya harapkan perkongsian tips ini boleh membantu ibu bapa peka terhadap faktor faktor yang memungkinkan batuk itu menjadi lebih serius.

Tips pencegahan batuk pada anak anak kecil

1.Pekara ini kerap berlaku apabila ibu bapa tidak dapat membezakan antar batuk itu serius atau ringan , tetapi apa yang ingin saya tekankan di sini Jika anak anda mempunyai masalah asma (di ikuti gejala pernafasan yang berdesing atau whezing seperti bunyi siulan dan sesak nafas), maka anda hendaklah pastikan melakukan persediaan tindakan untuk segera dapatkan pemeriksaan anak ke Doktor atau klinik yang berdekatan kerana batuk yang diikuti dengan bunyi pernafasan whezing menunjukkan saluran pernafasan anak anda menjadi sempit.

2.Untuk mengatasi batuk berkahak pada anak anak yang kecil ,ibu bapa boleh menggunakan cara wap air panas, teknik yang biasa saya ajarkan kepada pesakit saya jika di bilik mandi ibu bapa boleh menyalakan pemanas air  bagi mendapatkan wap atau dengan cara manual merebus air lalu diletakkan di dalam besen atau baldi  agar anak dapat menghirup wap tersebut. Lakukanlah hal ini selama kira-kira 20 minit. Wap yang dihasilkan akan membantu anak bernafas lebih lega serta mencairkan kahak.

3.Ada waktunya di persekitaran udara yang panas atau kering juga boleh menyebabkan batuk menjadi lebih parah kerana apabila udara yang terlalu kering juga boleh menyebabkan iritasi kepada saluran pernafasan anak anak kecil ini , oleh itu Kadang-kadang, pendedahan singkat kepada udara sejuk di luar dapat meredakan batuk pada kanak-kanak. Anda boleh membawa bayi atau anak keluar bilik di mana terdapat udara yang sejuk. Lakukanlah hal ini selama 10-15 minit bagi melegakan pernafasan anak anak ini.

4.Pengambilan air putih , air kosong suam sangat effective dalam membantu melicinkan perjalanan kahak pada anak, bahkan lebih efektif berbanding dengan ubat batuk yang dijual di kedai runcit seperti guafenesin ,caranya setiap kali anak anak kecil ini batuk suakan sedikit air suam bagi mereka menelan kahak yang terhasil jika mereka belum pandai membuang atau meludahnya.

5.Bagi anak anak yang lebih besar, minuman kaya nutrisi seperti jus buah-buahan atau minuman seperti prebiotik yakult dan vitagen kerana itu juga dapat melegakan batuk dan cecair memang penting anak agar badan mereka tidak dehidrasi. Tapi harus diingat jangan memberinkan minuman yangbergas atau jus oren , nanas , dan anggur kerana ini boleh menggatalkan tekak dan malah akan memburukkan lagi batuk pada kanak-kanak.

6.Posisi tidur anak memainkan peranan yang penting , kerana posisi terlentang boleh mengakibatkan batuk mudah terjadi , selalunya posisi tidur yang baik untuk atasi masalah batuk ini ialah baring mengiring kiri atau kanan dengan meninggikan sedikit  di bahagian dada serta kepala anak anak ini agar memberi ruang saluran pernafasan mereka untuk mudah terbuka.

7. Cuba elakkan menjadi Dr sendiri terutama dalam memberikan ubat batuk secara berleluasa , ini kerana bayi bayi kecil atau anak anak yang berumur bawah 2 tahun tidak boleh sesuka hati diberikan ubat batuk, Oleh itu rujuk kepada Dr sebelum memberikan apa apa jenis ubat batuk yang dibeli mudah di pasaran.

8.Penggunaan Madu secara tradisional mampu melegakan batuk anak anak ini , dan ianya terbukti mampu mencairkan kahak dan juga melegakan kegatalan tekak , ianya lebih baik dan selamat untuk diberikan kepada anak yang berumur 2 tahum ke bawah.

9.Elakkan memberikan makanan yang bergoreng , berminyak serta berempah ini kerana ianya boleh memburukkan keadaan , coklat serta makanan seperti keropok , biskut dan gula gula amat lah tidak digalakkan kerana ianya merupakan pemangkin kepada batuk ini.

10. Dan tips yang terakhir ibu bapa boleh belajar dengan fisioterapi bagaimana untuk belajar melakukan tepukan pada belakang badan anak anak ini dan juga posisi bagi memudahkan pernafasan anak anak ini lancar , di dalam entry saya yang lalu ianya boleh dibaca di sini 

1. Rawatan Buang Kahak
2. AirwayClearance Techniques
3. Percussion Therapy and Postural Drainage
4. Effective Coughing

Tips ini lebih kepada bagaimana untuk kita mengurangkan gejala dan juga membantu anak anak kecil ini untuk bernafas dengan lebih selesa , jika dilihat terlalu banyak tips tips yang boleh digunakan dalam mengatasi masalah pernafasan dan juga membantu anak anak kecil ini bernafas dengan selesa.

wallahuakalam.

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Flu prevention tips at home

How to prevent from get a Flu

Bismillahirahmanirahim ,Flu or cold arguably the most frequent illnesses experienced by humans. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the flu is a major cause of work absenteeism and school absenteeism, with up to 22 million school days are lost each year in the US. Flu or Colds are caused by a viral infection. More than 200 different viruses can cause influenza symptoms of varying severity.

How it can be spread ? to understand the mechanism,  The virus that causes the flu can spread from person to person through droplets (droplets lender / little snot) that enter the air from the nasal passages with a cold when sneezing and then inhaled by others healthy. Colds can also be spread by touching surfaces that have been contaminated through contact with an infected person and then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes.Although it is not possible to fully prevent the spread of colds, there are several steps you can take to reduce the likelihood of you and your family have the flu / colds.

The Best and Simple tips to practice

1.  Frequently wash your hands with soap. It may be that this way is the best way to prevent flu. Especially after shopping, or spending time in public places, hand washing is very important. Frequent hand washing can kill the virus in your hands after you touch contaminated objects. You can also bring hand sanitized or wipes antiseptic hand cleaner when visiting public places. Also Teach your children about the importance of washing.

2.Avoid touching your face, especially the nose, mouth and eye area, after a handshake with the people or the flu or touching touching objects in public areas suspected to be contaminated.

3.If the child has a cold, wash his toys also when you clean your furniture and household items are often used.

4.Do not smoke. Cigarette smoke can irritate the respiratory tract and increased susceptibility to colds and other infections .Even passive exposure to cigarette smoke can make you (or your kids) are more susceptible to colds.

5.Use disposable goods if there are family members who are infected. Disposable cups can be discarded after use and prevent the spread of the virus from sharing cups or glasses. This is important especially if you have small children who may be trying to drink from a cup of others without cleaning it first.

6.Keeping the household appliances are kept clean. Door knobs, drawer chest of drawers, keyboard, HP, telephones, lamps, remote control, and and others. Wipe the surface with soap and water or a disinfectant solution after use by people affected by colds.

7.Use a tissue in the kitchen and bathroom after wash hands. Germs can live for several hours on cloth towels. Or, have separate towels for each family member .

8.Maintain a healthy lifestyle. While there is no direct evidence to show that eating well or exercising can prevent colds, the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle with adequate sleep, good nutrition and physical exercise can help ensure that your immune system in good shape and ready to fight infection if it occurs.

9.Control stress. Research shows that people who experience emotional stress can weaken the immune system and are more likely to suffer from flu than those whose life is calm

10.Expand eat fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables contain many vitamins and minerals that are needed by the body. Especially when you have the flu, the need for vitamins and minerals are very important because they can act as an immune system booster and needed to improve the body's cells are damaged. 

Remember, serious conditions can masquerade as the common cold and mild infections can develop into something more serious. If you have severe symptoms or feel ill every day immediately visited the doctor. Wallahuaklam.

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Coccyx Pain syndrome

Coccyx Pain (Tail Bone Pain) and how to manage it.
Bismillahirahmanirahim , Pain in the coccyx or tail bone pain is a painful sensation that occurs in the bone or coccyx coccygeus located in the central part of the buttocks. Not infrequently, the pain may spread to the waist or other neighboring areas.When the tail bone pain, usually it will feel worse when performing certain activities, such as sit, rise from sitting to a standing position or when standing for long. Defecation and touch can be so sick. Specialized in women, pain in the coccyx can also make menstrual discomfort.

Why can coccyx pain? 

there are many conditions that make the tail bone pain such as trauma sit too long, sitting on a hard surface or narrow, the joint structure changes due to aging, or occurs after childbirth pervagina.

Tail Bone Pain Causes

Knowing the cause of a disease will help us in handling, maintenance, as well as the prevention of them from happening again.There are many different conditions that can cause pain coccyx. Even though in many cases, the exact cause of pain is unknown (idiopathic). The cause of coccyx pain that has been known to include:

Trauma. 

Injuries to the coccyx is the cause of coccyx pain most frequently. Injuries to the coccyx can cause bruising, broken bones, or dislocated coccyx. This could be due to:

1. Sitting with a strong or a fall in a sitting position on a hard surface. 
2. A direct blow to the tail bone, such as during exercise.
3.  Coccyx could be injured or broken during delivery. 
4. Repeated pressure or friction against the coccyx, as when cycling

Other less common causes of including bone spurs, nerve root compression (nerve impingement), localized infections, and tumors.

Tail Bone Pain Treatment

Pain in the coccyx or also called coccydynia or coccygodynia, usually disappear by themselves within a few weeks or months. However there are some attempts to reduce pain by:

1. Lean forward while sitting
2. Sit on a donut-shaped cushions 
3. Apply ice or a warm compress on the area of the coccyx pain
4. Taking painkiller , such as acetaminophen (paracetamol), ibuprofen or aspirin Guide by the Dr or Physician.

If the pain is not change ,then consult with a physician or orthopedic DR to further examination and treatment adjusted.

Possible treatments for chronic coccyx pain include:

• Physiotherapy. (Sacroiliac Joint Exercise)

A physical therapist will demonstrate how to perform pelvic floor relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing and exercises such as urination or defecation control to manage the pain . Sometimes the therapist will apply Massage Manipulation and Massaging the muscles attached to the tail bone that may help ease the pain.

• Drug and Surgery (Dr Management)

Injections of local anesthetic to the coccyx which can relieve pain for several weeks. Certain antidepressants or anti-epileptic drugs are usually also can reduce pain coccyx and Surgery will be the another option is usually only recommended when all other treatment of coccyx pain to no avail

The most important thing to prevent this problem is always keep in mind to Avoid staying in one position for long periods of time inactivity causes muscle tension and weakness .so Exercise regularly; exercise promotes strong and flexible muscles that keep you upright in a proper postural position. Wallahuaklam.

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Diabetic prevention way

Diabetic Prevention

Bismillahirahmanirahim , "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure". The words are very appropriate to prevent any disease, especially for chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Given this diabetes disease requiring long-term treatment and persistence patient in undergoing such treatment, of course, will require no small cost anyway. The goal of treatment is none other is that the blood sugar under control and to prevent complications.Therefore diabetes Prevention is important, it is important for everyone, but more importantly for those who have a high risk of diabetes. Well, no need to elaborate, I present the following  the simple tips on "How to Prevent Diabetes".

There is 5 simple tips we can follow .

1.Improve your physical Activities

There are many benefits of regular physical activity, including:

•  Losing weight
•  lowers blood sugar
•  Increase the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin with helps keep blood sugar within normal  range

Research shows that both aerobic exercise and resistance training can help control diabetes, but the greatest benefit is derived from a fitness program that includes both

Zoom The Picture for clear Guideline.

2.Take a Fiber food

Many eating fiber can prevent diabetes, because the benefits of consumption of dietary fiber, among others:

• Reducing the risk of diabetes by improving blood sugar control
• Lowers the risk of heart disease
• Keeping the weight, because the rich fiber foods make satiety
• Foods high in fiber include fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds

3.Consumption of grains

Although it is not clear why the grains can prevent diabetes, grains can reduce the risk of diabetes and helps maintain blood sugar levels. Many foods made from grains that are ready to eat, including various breads, pasta and cereal products.

4.Lose weight

If you are overweight, diabetes prevention can depend on weight loss. Each kilogram of weight loss can improve your health. In one study, adults with overweight reduce their diabetes risk by 16 percent for every kilogram (2.2 pounds) of weight lost. Also, they were able to lose weight - at least 5 to 10 percent of initial body weight - and exercising regularly reduces the risk of diabetes by almost 60 percent over three years. I didn't say that it proven by research and also the good example in a TV show a biggest loser  had mention it before.

5.A healthy diet

Low-carb diets, low-sugar diet or any other diet can help you lose weight at first, but for the long-term effects, its effectiveness for preventing diabetes is not known with certainty.

        I always remind to my patient there is important to understand is when to see a doctor?

if you are older than age 45 and your weight is normal, ask your doctor whether it is worth checking diabetes. The Malaysian Diabetes Association recommends screening blood glucose if: 

• Age 45 or older and overweight 
• Younger than age 45 and overweight with one or more additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes - such as lifestyle or a family history of diabetes 

Consult your physician on the prevention of diabetes. They will appreciate your efforts to keep the body in order to avoid diabetes, and perhaps doctors will offer additional suggestions based on medical history or other factors. Wallahuaklam..

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Khypotic sign and problem

Khypotic posture defaulted 

Bismillahirahmanirahim and today my entry also related one of the posture defaulted that can cause a people get a back pain. Kyphosis is abnormal spine curved forward or backward excessively convex so that the person who experienced it will be a hunchback. Normally, upper back, or upper spinal area, it has a curve or curvature ahead but only slightly. Kyphosis occurs when a natural arch was larger than normal.

If someone has kyphosis, it can be seen the hump in the upper back. In view of the side, upper back look rounded or prominent. In addition, people with kyphosis seemed to bend over and have a visible rounding of the shoulders. Kyphosis can cause excess pressure on the spine, causing pain. It can also cause breathing difficulties because the pressure will be on the lungs.In contrast with scoliosis, where the spine curves to the side so as to form the letter C or S when viewed from behind.

Causes Kyphosis

Kyphosis can affect people at any age. However, it is rare in newborns because it is usually caused by the attitude of the body (posture) are poorly continuously. Kyphosis caused by poor posture called postural kyphosis. Other causes of kyphosis include:

1. Osteoporosis. Impaired bone-thinning can lead to bone collapse (compression fracture). Osteoporosis is most common in older adults, particularly women, and in people who have taken high doses of corticosteroids for long periods of time.
2. Disk degeneration. Gentle, circular disks act as cushions between the vertebrae of the spine. With age, these discs dry out and shrink, which often deteriorates kyphosis.
3. Scheuermann's disease. Also called Scheuermann kyphosis, the disease usually starts during the growth spurt that occurs before puberty. Boys are more commonly affected than girls. Rounding the back can worsen as the child finished growing.
4. Birth defects. If the baby's spine does not develop properly in the womb, the spine may not form properly, causing kyphosis.
5. Syndrome. Kyphosis in children may also be associated with certain syndromes, such as Marfan syndrome or Prader-Willi disease.
6. Cancer and cancer treatments. Cancer in the spine can weaken the bones and makes them more susceptible to compression fractures, as can chemotherapy and cancer treatment
7. Weakness of the muscles in the upper back

Treatment of Kyphosis

Not all cases of kyphosis should be quickly treated, you should seek treatment if kyphosis accompanied by: pain difficulty breathing fatigue , because the role of the spine that is so important in supporting daily activities, then his health must be considered. Treatment to help correct the curvature of the spine as a result of kyphosis can also help reduce the risk of complications later in life, such as arthritis and chronic back pain.

How to Treat Kyphosis?

Kyphosis treatment will depend on the severity and the underlying cause. In the case of Scheuermann's disease, a child may receive physical therapy, bracing or wire backstop, or corrective surgery. In the case of infection, the patient will be given antibiotics. In the case of tumors, surgical removal may be required. For the case of osteoporosis, may be given supplements of calcium and vitamin D to treat bone damage in order to prevent further deterioration of kyphosis. For kyphosis caused by poor posture, it does not require aggressive treatment. The following steps will help relieve the symptoms:

• Pain reliever (analgesic)
•  Physiotherapy (to help build muscle strength so back to normal) 

• Yoga (to raise awareness of the body and build strength, flexibility, and range of motion)
• weight loss backers (children and adolescents) 
• Chiropractic care (for repair spinal alignment) operation (in severe cases)

For most people, kyphosis does not cause serious health problems. It depends on the cause of kyphosis itself. If caused by poor posture, then usually someone suffering from pain and shortness of breath that will get worse in the future. Treat kyphosis early by strengthening back muscles, physiotherapy or chiropractic therapy may help relieve pain and other symptoms, long-term objective is to increase healthy posture. wallahuaklam..

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Lordosis sign and problem

Lordosis Posture defaulted

Bismillahirahmanirahim , Today i want to share some info regarding a posture defaulted that always haunted a people and will create a problem in a long term especially it one of the source of the back pain.

What are we know about lordosis ?
Lordosis is a disorder of the spine in the lower back that have excessive curvature, spine arched backwards excessively so as if the bones pulled forward. This condition is the opposite of kyphosis (hunchback). People with lordosis often lower back. When viewed from the left side of the patient's lower back form the letter "C". Moreover, it would appear that the abdomen and buttocks look more prominent.

As we understand in human spine, Spine naturally has a curvature in the neck, upper back and lower back to help absorb shock and support the weight of the head. Lordosis occurs when the natural curve in the lower back (lordotic curve), or lumbar region, curved than normal. This can cause excess pressure on the spine and will causing pain.

What is Cause of the lordosis ?

Often, lordosis appears in childhood with no known cause. This is called benign juvenile lordosis. However, lordosis may affect people at all ages.

Another potential cause of lordosis include

• Poor posture 
• Obesity Osteoporosis (brittle bones due to age)
•  discitis (interference disks between the bones of the spine)
•  Kyphosis (curvature exaggerated in the upper back)
•  Spondylolisthesis (a condition in which one vertebra slips forward or backward relative to vertabra next)
•  Achondroplasia ( a form of dwarfism )

How is lordosis diagnosed?
 The easiest way to check the lordosis is to lie on your back on a hard surface. You should be able to slide your hand under your lower back, with a little space. If you have lordosis, it will be left lots of wiggle room between the hands and the lower back.

The Orthopedic doctor makes a diagnosis of lordosis by observing a complete medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Diagnostic procedures may include:

• Xray. To view the condition of the bones through tests imaging with X-rays. 
• Bone Scan. A bone scan is a nuclear imaging method to evaluate changes in degenerative and / or arthritis in the joints; to detect bone diseases and tumors; to determine the cause of bone pain or inflammation. This test to rule out cases of infection or fracture. 
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). This diagnostic procedure uses a combination of electromagnetic waves and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body. This test is done to rule out related disorders of the spinal cord and nerves. 
• Computed tomography (CT) scan. This diagnostic imaging procedure uses a combination of X-rays and computer technology to produce image slices horizontally, or axial. CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scan is more detailed than X-rays in general.

What is the step action we need to take when we have diagnosed by lordosis ?

If the lordotic curve corrects itself when you bend forward (flexible curve), then you do not need to seek treatment. However, if, when bent, there are still remnants of lordotic curve (curve inflexible), it must seek treatment.

Additionally, you should seek treatment if you experience any of the following conditions: 

• pain 
• muscle spasms 
• tingling or 
• numbness difficulty urinating or defecating.

Treatment aims to help improve the curvature so that it can help prevent complications later in life, such as arthritis and chronic back pain. Treatment of lordosis will depend on the severity of the curvature of the spine and the presence of other symptoms. Treatment options include:

• Medication to reduce pain and swelling 
• Physical therapy (to help build muscle strength) 
• Yoga (to increase body awareness, strength, flexibility, and range of motion)
•  Lose weight to reduce the burden of spinal backers (children and adolescents)
•  Operations ( in severe cases)

What impact, if not treated?

For most people, this condition does not cause significant health problems if left untreated. However, because the spine is responsible for a lot of movement and flexibility, it is important to keep the spine to keep it healthy. If severe lordosis is not treated, it can cause an increased risk of problems in the spine, legs, and internal organs function , the worse is it can cause you have a risk to get a frequent low back pain .wallahuaklam

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